Level 5, Unit 1

Extra definition

Give or apportion (something) to someone:

Extra example

She made a name for herself in the mid-1990s by charging that MIT discriminated against female scientists, allotting them less lab space and giving them fewer plum assignments.

One portion of each side of the road is allotted for pedestrians, the other portion for cyclists.

The government too had to be blamed as a portion of the lake was allotted for sale.

Synonyms

allocate, assign, issue, award, grant, administer, devote;

earmark for, designate for, set aside for, appropriate for, budget for;

share out, apportion, portion out, distribute, hand out, deal out, dole out, give out, parcel out, ration out, divide out, divide up, dispense, measure out, mete out

Idioms

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часто pass отводить , выделять (на чью-л. долю) ; предназначать ; назначать ; предоставлять to allot smth. to smb. for a purpose — предназначать кому-л. что-л. для какой-л. цели
to allot credits — предоставлять /выделять/ кредиты
; предоставлять кредиты
to allot a task — возлагать /ставить, определять/ задачу
they were allotted a house to live in — им отвели отдельный дом
our class was allotted the flower garden — нашему классу была поручена работа в цветнике
what is allotted to you? — что пришлось на вашу долю?
each speaker is allotted five minutes — каждому оратору дается 5 минут, регламент выступления - 5 минут

распределять (напр., акции, суммы) , выделять (напр., средства) , наделять , раздавать to allot profits — распределять прибыль
to allot fairly — распределять честно
Синоним: divide, allocate

воен. придавать
вводить в состав
отчислять , ассигновывать to allot money for a park — ассигновывать деньги /отчислять средства/ на устройство парка

выделять [определять, назначать] время (для какого-л. действия)

Extra definition

Store away in hiding or for future use:

Store (data) in a cache memory:

Provide (hardware) with a cache memory:

Extra example

Agoutis feed on some of the seeds immediately and cache others for future consumption; uneaten seeds germinate about a year later.

For hoarding to evolve, the individual that caches an item must have a greater probability of recovering that item than any other animal.

One of most important and satisfying factoids I have ever learned is that while squirrels may cache fifty pounds of nuts in a year that half are lost to the squirrel because they forget where they put them.

Asynchronous mirroring caches the second data set, writing it to the secondary server without waiting to confirm with the primary.

The suspension follows reports that the software was caching sensitive content, such as user control panels to online forums.

Since http traffic can be cached there was a chance another user could see the details submitted, he added.

It caches components, providing a bigger speed boost than that from simple templates.

I've often wished for something similar, actually - my OS has been using spare RAM to cache the hard drive since the year dot, why not use spare hard drive to cache the CD/DVD drive as well?

You told the system how much memory to use to cache the hard drive, and that memory couldn't be used for any other purpose.

Synonyms

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Idioms

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запас провианта, оставленный (научной) экспедицией для обратного пути или для других экспедиций; оставленный научной экспедицией в скрытом месте для обратного пути или для других экспедиций (чаще всего о первых арктических экспедициях)
тайный склад оружия
тайный запас; что-л. припрятанное; тайник put in a cache — прятать в тайник

информ. сверхоперативная память , кеш (тж. cache memory) ; информ. кэш
воен. место скрытого размещения запасов при отходе
укрытый продовольственный запас (при действиях в Арктике)
запас зерна или меда, сделанный животным на зиму
прятать про запас в потайном месте, припрятывать (тж. cache away)
прятать в тайник, прятать про запас

Extra definition

The state of being able to proceed with something without difficulty:

The quality of being useful, easy, or suitable for someone:

A thing that contributes to an easy and effortless way of life:

A public toilet:

Extra example

It is now common for many families to ‘alter their customs’ to suit their convenience.

With this scheme, the bank intends to improve customer convenience, reduce customer traffic at branches and create opportunities to generate a fee income.

This would increase customer convenience and also drive ‘warm’ sales leads direct to the company's skilled staff, making a sale more likely.

Our frozen meals service was introduced a few years ago to offer suitable clients the quality, choice and convenience of this type of meal.

It doesn't seem to have anything to do with the quality, value or convenience of anything I have to say.

Its product allows the consumer the convenience and quality of a Sunday roast without the lengthy preparation and cooking time.

There was a cell phone in the vehicle, partly a convenience and partly a tool of emergency equipment.

Rule 7: All tools, weapons, or mechanical conveniences must be obtained from the Acme Corporation.

The new software offers major benefits in functionality and operating conveniences.

All over Europe clean, attended public conveniences have disabled facilities.

A consultation document prepared by Mr Smith last year foresees all the present public conveniences closed down and replaced by just two new attended toilet blocks.

At Exhibition Square, plumbing problems left the toilets blocked and today the council admitted other public conveniences around the city had not been subject to their usual cleaning routine.

Synonyms

benefit, use, good, comfort, ease, enjoyment, satisfaction

expedience, expediency, advantageousness, advantage;

favourableness, opportuneness, propitiousness, timeliness;

suitability, appropriateness, appropriacy, fittingness

appliance, amenity, facility, device, labour-saving device, gadget, machine

informal gizmo, gimmick, mod con

formal appurtenance

Idioms

at somebody’s conˈvenience
at a time or a place which is suitable for somebody

at your earliest conˈvenience
as soon as possible

удобство for convenience, for convenience's sake — для удобства
for the convenience of tourists — для удобства туристов
at your convenience — когда /как/ вам будет удобно
please reply at your earliest convenience — преим. офиц. просим ответить по возможности скорее /как можно скорее/
to suit /to await/ smb.'s convenience — считаться с чьими-л. удобствами
we hope that this will suit your convenience — мы надеемся, что это будет вам удобно
to await / suit smb.'s convenience — заботиться о чьем-л. комфорте, удобстве ; удовлетворять чьим-л. требованиям
Delivery times are arranged at your convenience. — Доставка будет организована в удобное для вас время.
marriage of convenience — брак по расчету

pl удобства, комфорт a house full of conveniences of every sort — дом со всевозможными удобствами
an apartment with all the modern conveniences — квартира со всеми современными удобствами

эвф. «удобства», уборная ; эвф. "удобства"; туалет public conveniences — общественные уборные
; общественный туалет, общественная уборная

преимущество ; выгода ; благоприятная возможность to make a convenience of smb. — беззастенчиво пользоваться чьей-л. добротой и т. п.
Синоним: advantage, opportunity

пригодность Синоним: suitability

Extra definition

A scarcity or lack of something:

A situation where food is in short supply.

Extra example

This lack of public support is responsible for a dearth of overt fearless principle in the public service.

These failures can be partially attributed to a lack of political will and a dearth of resources.

This season there has been a dearth of good supernatural television, and hopefully this will fit the bill.

Dearth was of such obvious advantage to the usurers that it was commonly believed that they used sorcery to prevent rain from falling.

But here in Scotland, in the regularly recurring famine years of the 17th and 18th centuries, when harvests failed, dearth and death prevailed.

They believed the end of the world was at hand, and the proliferation of plagues, epidemics, disasters, dearth, famine and wars was to be seen as the mark of the imminent Dissolution.

Synonyms

lack, scarcity, scarceness, shortage, shortfall, want, deficiency, insufficiency, inadequacy, paucity, sparseness, meagreness, scantiness, rareness, infrequency, uncommonness, destitution, privation;

famine, drought, poverty;

absence, non-existence

Idioms

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недостаток , нехватка (продуктов) ; голод ; дефицит ; отсутствие (чего-л.) in time of dearth — во время голода
a dearth of news — недостаток сведений
there was no great dearth of young men — в молодых людях не было недостатка
a dearth of labourers — нехватка рабочей силы
Синоним: lack, want

недостаток продуктов; голод ; голодание Синоним: famine

Extra definition

Extremely serious or urgent:

(Of a warning or threat) presaging disaster:

Of a very poor quality:

Extra example

He also warned the government of dire consequences if the administration tried to stop either of the batches.

People are very reluctant to accept pay cuts, even when the company is in pretty dire straits.

But Wisconsin is arguably in the most dire straits.

Here's to dire warnings, unsubstantiated threats and looking over our shoulders.

The State Department has issued dire warnings with threats of tens of thousands of dollars in fines.

There were dire warnings of an ecological disaster and world oil prices through the roof as the Iraqis set fire to the oil fields.

This coincided with his appearance in the movie, a fact that overrode the track's dire, insipid quality.

Unfortunately, the look is garish and the build quality dire.

The second period wasn't dire in comparison to the first, but the game was in danger of dying a death after the interval.

Synonyms

terrible, dreadful, appalling, frightful, awful, horrible, atrocious, grim, unspeakable, distressing, harrowing, alarming, shocking, outrageous;

grave, serious, grievous, disastrous, ruinous, calamitous, catastrophic, cataclysmic, devastating, crippling;

miserable, wretched, woeful;

ominous, portentous, gloomy, doom and gloom, sinister;

grim, dreadful, dismal;

unpropitious, inauspicious, unfavourable, pessimistic

Idioms

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ужасный , страшный , зловещий ; жуткий ; внушающий ужас; предвещающий несчастье dire revenge — страшная месть
dire forebodings — ужасные предчувствия
this decision will have dire consequences — это решение будет иметь пагубные /роковые/ последствия
dire consequences — печальные последствия
Синоним: dreadful, evil, horrible, mournful, terrible

эмоц.-усил. крайний , полный dire necessity — жестокая необходимость
dire poverty — страшная нищета
dire need — крайняя нужда
dire foe — заклятый враг
exposed to the direst dangers — подвергаясь страшным опасностям ; ≅ с риском для жизни
Синоним: extreme

тяжелый , мрачный , гнетущий , зловещий dire days — тяжелые дни
Синоним: dismal, oppressive

разг. неприятный , противный , мерзкий I didn't say anything so dire, did I? — Я ведь не сказал ничего такого страшного, не так ли?

Extra definition

(Of time) pass or go by:

Extra example

A few more moments passed in a seamless elapse of time until the deep metal sound of the ending bell was heard.

It is also true that eight and a half years have now elapsed since the proceedings were commenced.

As more time elapsed, my chances of survival would grow progressively slim.

Synonyms

pass, go by/past, proceed, progress, advance, wear on, march on, slip by/away/past, roll by/past, glide by/past, slide by/past, steal by/past, tick by/past;

fly by/past;

creep by/past, crawl by/past

Idioms

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проходить , протекать , пролетать (о времени) ; истекать (о сроке) ; лететь fourteen months now elapsed — срок в четырнадцать месяцев уже истек
four years elapsed before he returned — он вернулся только через четыре года
Синоним: pass

Extra definition

The ability to understand and share the feelings of another.

Extra example

Such a metaphor betrays a complete lack of understanding, of empathy with Victorian culture.

There is a frightening lack of empathy and of understanding of the condition of the elderly.

A little bit of empathy and understanding might go a long way in making their life easier.

Synonyms

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Idioms

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эмпатия, сочувствие ; сопереживание ; умение поставить себя на место другого to feel empathy — сочувствовать
to show empathy — выказывать участие
Синоним: sympathy

псих. (способность индивида эмоционально отзываться на переживания других людей, ощущение способности испытывать за другого его чувства; способность ставить себя на место другого)
соц. (воссоздание в мышлении ученого духовной атмосферы, мыслей, чувств и мотивов объектов его изучения)

Extra definition

Over-imaginative and unrealistic:

Existing only in the imagination:

Highly ornamental or imaginative in design:

Extra example

Okay, so admittedly that may be a fanciful and unrealistic goal.

He is less imaginative or fanciful than Tom, but more practical.

He'd always said such things like that, always so fanciful and imaginative with an underlying tone of seriousness.

Paintings of original and fanciful snowmen are one favorite, and winter trees or landscapes are another.

The judge said the two men lived in a ‘strange and fanciful world’ where they thought they could ‘ride around in cars, armed to the hilt’.

During their mission, they encounter all kinds of bizarre and fanciful creatures.

The new place is colourful and inviting, as sunflower-yellow walls help to show off Obadia's collection of colourful wall hangings, photographs, ornamental pots and fanciful souvenirs.

They made fanciful designs with dots, lines and geometric patterns on walls, antlers and other things.

The fountain illustrated, an exquisite piece of Gothic architecture in miniature, was designed to be both fanciful and functional.

Synonyms

imaginative, inventive;

whimsical, impractical, capricious, flighty, dreamy, daydreaming, quixotic, chimerical, head in the clouds, out of touch with reality, in a world of one's own

archaic visionary

ornate, exotic, imaginative, creative, fancy;

curious, odd, bizarre, strange, eccentric, unusual, original;

extravagant, fantastic, grotesque, gothic, baroque

Idioms

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фантастический , нереальный fanciful scheme — нереальный план
Синоним: strange, odd, fantastic

причудливый , странный , прихотливый ; капризный fanciful head-dress — причудливый головной убор
fanciful drawings — затейливые рисунки
fanciful person — капризный человек
Синоним: whimsical

капризный , с причудами fanciful child — капризный ребенок
fanciful mind — причудливый ум

обладающий живым воображением, фантазией fanciful writer — писатель-фантаст, сказочник и т. п.

невообразимый Синоним: strange, odd, fantastic

воображаемый ; нереальный Синоним: imaginary, unreal

странный Синоним: imaginary, unreal, strange, odd, fantastic

Extra definition

A minor complaint:

Gastric or intestinal pain; colic:

An act of grasping something tightly:

Lashings securing a boat in its place on deck or in davits.

Extra example

These are all relatively minor gripes, admittedly.

Our minor gripes were far out-weighed by some superb service and good quality food.

Though it seemed a legitimate gripe, complaining did no good.

Plenty of time for late night blogging while coping with teething, chronic gripe and insomnia from 4am feeds.

Andres was suffering from gripe and sinus problems for a couple weeks.

When I brought him home he slept and then he started to cry loudly and I thought he had gripe.

Do we know that there is a possibility, on any terms, of unclasping the firm gripe of this little Hand, which was laid upon me before I came into the world?

Holding me with a strong gripe by the cord that tied my hands, he with many oaths threatened to kill me immediately if I would not be quiet.

The whole operation is performed by one man only in the boat, who, by simply paying off a rope, unlashes and frees the boat from the ship's gripes.

As soon as we lowered the starboard action boat to the next deck the gripes of the boat caught and we had to cut them with an axe.

Synonyms

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Idioms

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арх. схватить ; зажать , сжать ; захватить Синоним: seize, grasp

притеснять , угнетать to gripe the poor — притеснять бедных
Синоним: oppress, keep down

вызывать резь, колики , спазмы (в кишечнике) he was (badly) griped by colic — у него (сильно) схватило живот

амер. разг. ворчать , жаловаться the students gripe constantly about these courses — студенты постоянно выражают недовольство этими курсами
to gripe about / at high prices — ворчать, жаловаться на высокие цены
Синоним: complain, grizzle

тех. зажимать , закреплять
❝Now can you explain it to me?❞ he griped - «ну, можете вы мне это объяснить?» - поинтересовался он ворчливо
редк., амер. разг. раздосадовать , огорчить
мор. рыскать
подавлять Синоним: oppress, keep down

амер.; разг. огорчать , мучить ; раздражать , досаждать It gripes me to hear a man cry. — Мне мучительно слышать, как плачет мужчина.
Синоним: afflict, distress, irritate, vex

схватывание ; зажим , зажатие ; сжатие ; захват Rescue me from the gripe of this iron-fisted clown. — Освободи меня от объятий этого парня с железными кулаками.

власть , тиски in the gripe of a tyrant — во власти тирана
in the gripe of — в тисках чего-л.
Синоним: control, mastery, hold

pl разг. боль в животе, резь , колики Синоним: colic, mulligrubs

ручка , рукоятка Синоним: handle, haft

амер. разг. раздражение , досада Синоним: complaint, grievance, grumble

амер. разг. жалоба , нарекание legitimate gripe — законная / обоснованная жалоба

мор. грунтов
амер.; разг. недовольство ; ворчанье His brother was the main target of his gripes. — Его брат был основным объектом его недовольства.
Синоним: complaint, grievance, grumble

Extra definition

Lacking interest or excitement; dull:

Of this earthly world rather than a heavenly or spiritual one:

Extra example

The next day was as boring, mundane, unexciting, humdrum, dull, tedious, uneventful and monotonous as usual.

Those acronyms, some might say, are designed to add a hint of excitement to an otherwise mundane and dull industry.

We put fancy, bubbly skins on the dull and mundane and think that we're making it all more interesting.

The book's grand aims are filtered through his muddled mind, which has the unfortunate effect of making his spiritual quest seem mundane.

The diary juxtaposes the profound and the mundane, rather like life itself.

In relating to the activities in life, whether spiritual or mundane, their sense of workability disappears, and they face a state of bleakness.

Synonyms

humdrum, dull, boring, tedious, monotonous, tiresome, wearisome, prosaic, unexciting, uninteresting, uneventful, unvarying, unvaried, unremarkable, repetitive, repetitious, routine, ordinary, everyday, day-to-day, quotidian, run-of-the-mill, commonplace, common, workaday, usual, pedestrian, customary, regular, normal;

unimaginative, banal, hackneyed, trite, stale, platitudinous

informal typical, vanilla, plain vanilla, hacky

earthly, worldly, terrestrial, material, temporal, secular, non-spiritual, fleshly, carnal, sensual

rare sublunary

Idioms

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земной mundane affairs — земные дела
Синоним: secular, worldly

редк. мирской ; светский mundane pleasures — мирские /светские/ удовольствия
Синоним: secular, worldly

космический ; относящийся к Вселенной mundane soul / spirit — мировая душа (у Платона)
Синоним: cosmic

светский Синоним: secular, worldly

обычный , приземленный

Extra definition

Make a choice from a range of possibilities:

Extra example

It also means exercising regularly and opting for active living choices rather than the lazy ones.

Parents opting for single-sex schools take other factors into account, though.

Fewer students than ever are opting to study maths at a higher level.

Synonyms

choose, select, pick, pick out, decide on, go for, settle on, plump for/on, single out, take, fix on;

British  pitch on

Idioms

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выбирать , делать выбор; предпочитать ; решать the class opted to go on a field trip — все ребята (в классе) решили пойти в поход
weaker students often opt for the easier courses — слабые студенты выбирают дисциплины полегче
The two boys opted for the Navy. — Оба парня выбрали военно-морской флот.

Extra definition

Arouse fierce anger, shock, or indignation in (someone):

Flagrantly violate or infringe (a principle, law, etc.):

Extra example

And you have to believe there's pressure put on these people to perform and do things that shock and outrage us.

This little story has my mouth hanging open incredulously, the way it does whenever something shocks and outrages me.

But then there are always a handful of ads that still have the capacity to shock and outrage me.

There are also other laws such as the law against outraging the modesty of a woman.

I do not wish to exclude the possibility that the discretion may be used in extradition proceedings founded upon evidence which, though technically admissible, has been obtained in a way which outrages civilised values.

Possible charges include committing an act which outrages public decency.

Synonyms

enrage, infuriate, incense, anger, scandalize, offend, give offence to, make indignant, affront, be an affront to, shock, horrify, disgust, revolt, repel, appal, displease

Idioms

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грубое нарушение (закона, прав, приличий) ; произвол ; акт насилия an outrage upon decency — грубое нарушение приличий
an outrage upon justice — вопиющее беззаконие
an act of outrage — акт грубого произвола
an outrage against morals — вызов общественной морали
an outrage against public morality — оскорбление общественной морали
The terrorist attack, in which two innocent Australian lawyers were murdered, is the third outrage of its kind this year. — Теракт, в результате которого погибли два ни в чем не повинных австралийских юриста, стал третьим по счету преступлением подобного рода за текущий год.

разг. возмутительный случай, поступок what an outrage! — какое безобразие!, возмутительно!
It was an outrage to take innocent civilians hostage. — Брать в заложники мирных жителей было вопиющим злодеянием.
It is an outrage that so much public money have been wasted in this way. — Это безобразие, что столько общественных денег было потрачено впустую.
It was an outrage that her name was omitted. — Было оскорбительно, что ее не упомянули.

поругание ; оскорбление an outrage on /upon, against/ humanity — преступление против человечества

насилие outrages and assassinations — акты насилия и убийства

возмущение , гнев , негодование to provoke public outrage — вызывать возмущение общественности
to express outrage — выражать возмущение
to feel outrage — чувствовать глубокое возмущение
to stir up outrage / spark outrage амер. / spark off outrage брит. — оскорблять, наносить оскорбление
Синоним: abuse, affront, insult

преступать закон ; нарушать правила, принципы и т. п. ; грубо нарушать права to outrage all decency — преступать все границы приличия
he outraged all rules of a good host — он полностью пренебрег правилами гостеприимства

оскорбить ; надругаться to outrage public opinion — бросить вызов общественному мнению
to outrage one's sense of justice — оскорбить чье-л. чувство справедливости

(из)насиловать
обычно страд. оскорблять , шокировать Ann's relatives were outraged at her choice of a social inferior. — Семья Энн была оскорблена тем, что она выбрала человека ниже себя по положению.
Синоним: exasperate, abuse

приводить в гнев, в ярость, возмущать to outrage public opinion — оскорбить общественное мнение

совершать насилие

Extra definition

(Of an amount) very small or meagre:

Petty; trivial:

Extra example

He described the 12.7m that will go towards education programmes as a paltry amount.

When someone offered him a paltry amount to take the business off his hands, however, Hughes realised he was not about to give up that easily.

It still represents a paltry amount to live on, but is nevertheless something which should have been done a long time ago.

He was our coachman, and my father once had him arrested, on account of some paltry offence, for twenty-four hours.

What would I need with your paltry glory?

Synonyms

small, meagre, trifling, insignificant, negligible, inadequate, insufficient, scant, scanty, derisory, pitiful, pitiable, pathetic, miserable, sorry, wretched, puny, trivial, niggardly, beggarly, mean, ungenerous, inappreciable, mere

informal measly, piddling, piffling, mingy, poxy, dinky

rare exiguous

worthless, petty, trivial, unimportant, insignificant, inconsequential, of little account/consequence, meaningless, negligible, nugatory, minor, footling, contemptible

informal penny-ante

British informal twopenny, twopenny-halfpenny

Idioms

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ничтожный , мелкий , незначительный , пустяковый paltry considerations — пустяковые соображения
a paltry sum of money — гроши
They suffered an electoral catastrophe, winning a paltry 3 seats. — Они с треском проиграли выборы, получив каких-то жалких три места.
The parents had little interest in paltry domestic concerns. — Родителей мало интересовали мелкие домашние проблемы.
Синоним: trivial, trifling

презренный ; жалкий paltry fellow — презренный /ничтожный/ тип
paltry excuses — жалкие оправдания
a paltry truck — жалкая уловка
paltry fellow — презренный человек
paltry liar — враль, лгунишка

отбросы , хлам

Extra definition

Put right; correct:

Convert (alternating current) to direct current:

Find a straight line equal in length to (a curve):

Extra example

Mr Diamond has been in contact with numerous council representatives in an effort to rectify the situation, to no avail.

However, if the damp problem has been rectified by correct installation of the stainless-steel flue, there is no need to seal the wall.

A concerted effort must be made to rectify the situation.

Similar to an electrical diode that rectifies an alternating voltage, it might rectify an alternating force to generate a net movement in one direction.

We are also investigating tunnel diodes, which rectify the IR-frequency current waves in the antenna arms.

It works by moving a magnet through a coil of wire and produces a alternating current which must then be rectified by the use of diodes.

Synonyms

correct, put/set/make right, right, put to rights, sort out, deal with, amend, revise, remedy, repair, fix, cure, heal, make good, reform, harmonize, retrieve, improve, better, ameliorate, adjust, resolve, settle, redress, square

informal patch up

Idioms

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исправлять , поправлять ; выправлять ; уточнять , улучшать to rectify an error — исправить ошибку
to rectify smb. — исправить /перевоспитать/ кого-л.
to rectify a frontier /a boundary line/ — исправить или уточнить границу /пограничную линию/
Синоним: correct, improve, repair, remedy, amend

хим. очищать , ректифицировать
эл. выпрямлять (ток)
радио детектировать
наладить , настроить (инструмент, аппарат) to rectify a chronometer — выверять хронометр

мат. спрямлять
выверять , регулировать настраивать (механизм, прибор и т. п.) Синоним: adjust

хим. повышать концентрацию путем перегонки
хим. ароматизировать (алкогольный напиток) в процессе перегонки

Extra definition

Having the ability to find quick and clever ways to overcome difficulties:

Extra example

Those scissors remind me of the creative inventive and resourceful things my mother did.

If we believe in our ability to be inventive and resourceful then we have every reason to believe we can make changes.

Fortunately, the two counselors at the orphanage proved to be very quick and resourceful.

Synonyms

ingenious, imaginative, inventive, creative;

quick-witted, clever, bright, sharp, talented, gifted, able, capable;

spirited, enthusiastic, ambitious, energetic, vigorous

Idioms

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находчивый , изобретательный Синоним: creative

имеющий много ресурсов

Extra definition

Food and drink regarded as a source of strength; nourishment:

The maintaining of someone or something in life or existence:

Extra example

The perfect delivery method for food is unquestionably a sandwich - almost all sources of sustenance are improved by inclusion in such a meal.

Insects serve as pollinators for food crops, nutritious sustenance for a range of birds and mammals, and decomposers of plant and animal products.

As Scottish children rely on low-grade processed foods and fizzy drinks for daily sustenance, the devastating effects are beginning to show.

It thought of the insects and vermin that it had fed on, the most meager of sustenance to maintain its life, but enough to eventually give it the strength to free it self.

Democracy's wellsprings and sustenance were of vital importance to Walter Duncan in 1962, just as they are to us today.

Every individual has an input and part to play in the creation and sustenance of democracy.

Synonyms

nourishment, food, nutriment, nutrition, fare, diet, daily bread, provisions, rations, means of keeping body and soul together

informal grub, chow, scoff

formal comestibles, provender

support, maintenance, keep, means of support, means, living, livelihood, subsistence, income, source of income

Idioms

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средства к существованию
питание , пища how shall we get sustenance? — как /где/ мы будем питаться?
he lived a week without sustenance of any kind — он прожил неделю без всякой пищи
Синоним: food, fare

предметы первой необходимости
жизнеобеспечение
поддержание , поддержка , помощь Синоним: maintenance

Extra definition

Too long, slow, or dull; tiresome or monotonous:

Extra example

The work was slow and tedious because it yielded such a huge amount of information.

Climbing down the side of the cliff looked far too tedious and slow for his likes.

After a long and tedious journey, I reached Bled, the place where the conference was to be held.

Synonyms

boring, monotonous, dull, deadly dull, uninteresting, unexciting, unvaried, unvarying, lacking variety, mind-numbing, mindless, soul-destroying, soulless, humdrum, dreary, ho-hum, mundane, wearisome, wearying, tiresome, soporific, dry, as dry as dust, arid, lifeless, colourless, monochrome, uninspired, uninspiring, flat, plodding, slow, banal, vapid, insipid, bland, lacklustre, prosaic, run-of-the-mill, pedestrian, jejune, leaden, heavy;

long-drawn-out, overlong, long-winded, prolix, laborious, ponderous, endless, interminable;

mechanical, routine;

Idioms

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нудный , скучный , утомительный tedious conversation — нудный разговор
tedious passages — длинноты (в литературном произведении и т. п.)
Синоним: monotonous

уст. неприятный

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Idioms

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ужасать , устрашать , приводить в ужас , в смятение; потрясать we were appalled at the news — мы были потрясены этим известием

амер.; = appal

Extra definition

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Extra example

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Synonyms

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Idioms

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амер.; = gruelling

Extra definition

Engage in long and careful consideration:

Consider (a question) carefully:

Extra example

For the rest of the year, every activity can be weighed up and deliberated over according to the level of risk that it carries, and what could be gained by doing it.

Conferees deliberated over issues like the moral questions raised by new brain scanning techniques, which some believe will lead to the creation of truly effective lie detectors.

I deliberated over it for months and my husband and I discussed it at length before I decided to go on tour.

Scientists are still deliberating this question.

As I ran back and forth, hitting the balls he sent me, I deliberated the question - could I ethically have a different attitude toward Ben, just because he was with the girl I loved?

In 1933, the Protestant Church deliberated the question of whether Christians converted from Judaism should still be allowed to belong to the Church.

Synonyms

think about, think over, ponder, consider, contemplate, reflect on, muse on, meditate on, ruminate on, mull over, chew over, turn over in one's mind, give thought to, cogitate about;

brood over, dwell on;

put on one's thinking cap, be in a brown study;

Idioms

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преднамеренный , (пред)умышленный ; нарочитый deliberate distortion of facts — умышленное /злостное/ искажение фактов
deliberate murder — преднамеренное убийство
deliberate coldness — нарочитая холодность
deliberate act — преднамеренный акт, умышленное действие
deliberate policy — сознательная / тщательно спланированная политика
deliberate lie — сознательная ложь
Синоним: premeditated, intentional, planned

обдуманный , взвешенный ; осторожный , осмотрительный deliberate judgement — зрелое суждение
deliberate plan — продуманный план
deliberate attack — воен. подготовленное наступление ; намеренное нападение
deliberate fire — воен. методический огонь
to be deliberate in one's speech — тщательно подбирать слова
Синоним: cautious, careful

неторопливый ; неспешный deliberate in speech — неторопливый в речи
to go with deliberate steps — идти не спеша /размеренным шагом/
Синоним: slow, unhurried

неслучайный , тщательно спланированный, взвешенный deliberate decision — взвешенное решение
Синоним: well-considered, well-weighed, planned

размеренный Синоним: slow, unhurried

размышлять ; обдумывать , взвешивать ; оставлять время для (глубокого) размышления to deliberate on /upon, over/ a question — обдумывать вопрос
to deliberate over /about/ a matter — обдумывать дело
to deliberate what to do — обдумывать, что предпринять
to deliberate on whether or not to accept a new job — думать о том, стоит ли принять предложение перейти на новую работу
The great composer shut himself up in his apartment to deliberate. — Великий композитор закрылся в своей комнате, чтобы хорошенько все обдумать.
Синоним: consider, think over, ponder

колебаться he was deliberating whether he should go — он раздумывал, идти ему или нет

совещаться ; консультироваться , советоваться , совместно рассматривать The jury retired to deliberate the verdict. — Присяжные удалились для обсуждения вердикта.
The future relations of the two countries could now be deliberated on with a hope of settlement. — Теперь можно обсудить будущие отношения между двумя странами с надеждой на их урегулирование.
Синоним: think